450V: Maximum voltage for phase-to-earth (or phase-to-neutral) circuits (the most common configuration in homes, e.g., 220V/230V single-phase supply).
750V: Maximum voltage for phase-to-phase circuits (rare in residential settings but useful for future-proofing if the home’s electrical system is upgraded).
Installation Environment | Ambient Temperature | Continuous Current Rating | Short-Term Overload Rating (1 hour) |
Open air (e.g., attic, basement) | 30°C | 38A | 45A |
Enclosed PVC conduit (16mm) | 30°C | 32A | 38A |
Wall cavity (insulated) | 30°C | 28A | 34A |
Material Purity: High-purity copper (99.95% minimum), with impurities (e.g., iron, oxygen) limited to ≤0.05%. This high purity ensures low electrical resistance (≤0.00488Ω/m at 20°C), minimizing power loss and heat buildup.
Cross-Sectional Area: Exactly 4mm² (nominal), with a tolerance of ±10% (per IEC 60228). The actual conductor diameter (for stranded design) is approximately 2.26mm for a single strand, with 7 strands twisted together to form the 4mm² core.
Stranding Structure: Class 5 stranded design (per IEC 60228), meaning 7 individual Copper Strands (each 2.26mm diameter) are twisted at a pitch of 12–15× the conductor diameter. This structure balances Flexibility (minimum bending radius: 4× the cable’s outer diameter) and rigidity—critical for pulling through narrow conduits without kinking, while maintaining shape once installed.
Mechanical Strength: Tensile strength of ≥200MPa, ensuring the conductor does not break during installation (e.g., when pulled through walls) or under minor mechanical stress (e.g., accidental tugs during maintenance).
Material Composition: High-grade PVC compound with additives for flame retardancy, heat resistance, and flexibility. The compound includes:
PVC resin (60–70%): Provides base insulation properties.
Plasticizers (20–25%): Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) or diisononyl phthalate (DINP) to enhance flexibility, especially at low temperatures.
Flame retardants (5–10%): Aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide, which release water vapor when heated to suppress flames.
Stabilizers (2–3%): Calcium-zinc stabilizers to prevent PVC degradation from heat and UV radiation.
Thickness: 0.8mm–1.0mm (uniform across the conductor), with a tolerance of ±0.1mm. This thickness ensures sufficient dielectric strength while keeping the cable’s overall diameter small (≈6.5mm) for easy installation in 16mm conduits.
Electrical Properties:
Dielectric strength: ≥18kV/mm (tested by applying high voltage between the conductor and a ground electrode—no breakdown indicates good insulation).
Insulation resistance: ≥100MΩ·km at 500V DC (measured using a megohmmeter, ensuring no current leakage).
Thermal and Environmental Resistance:
Continuous operating temperature: -15°C to 70°C (adapts to cold winter garages and warm attic spaces).
Thermal aging: After 1000 hours at 80°C, the insulation retains ≥80% of its original tensile strength (per IEC 60811-1-1).
Moisture resistance: Insulation resistance remains ≥50MΩ·km after 1000 hours of immersion in distilled water at 70°C.
IEC 60227-1: General requirements for PVC-Insulated Cables for rated voltages up to and including 450/750V.
IEC 60332-1: Flame retardancy test (vertical flame test)—the cable self-extinguishes within 30 seconds of removing the ignition source, with no flame spread to the upper part of the cable.
GB/T 5023.1: Chinese national standard equivalent to IEC 60227-1, ensuring compliance with local regulations in China.
RoHS Compliance: Free of hazardous substances (lead, mercury, cadmium, etc.), making it safe for indoor use and environmentally friendly.
Low Resistance: High purity reduces electrical resistance, minimizing power loss (≤2% per 100m at 220V). For example, a 100m length of 4mm² BVR Cable loses only ~0.1kW when powering a 2kW appliance—negligible compared to Aluminum Conductors (which lose ~0.3kW over the same distance).
Corrosion Resistance: Copper forms a thin, protective oxide layer (CuO) when exposed to air, preventing further corrosion. This is critical for cables installed in humid areas (e.g., bathrooms, kitchens), where Aluminum Conductors would rust and degrade over time.
Malleability: Copper is highly malleable, allowing the strands to be twisted into the BVR structure without breaking. This malleability also simplifies termination—electricians can easily strip the insulation and crimp the conductor to terminals.
Suppress Flames: The aluminum hydroxide flame retardant releases water vapor when heated to 200°C+, cooling the cable and preventing flame spread. This is a critical safety feature in homes, where a small electrical fire could quickly escalate.
Reduce Smoke: The compound produces minimal smoke during combustion (≤50% light transmittance, per IEC 61034), improving visibility for occupants to escape in case of fire.
Withstand Household Chemicals: Resistant to common household substances, such as cleaning agents (e.g., bleach, ammonia) and cooking oils. A 24-hour immersion test in 5% bleach solution shows no visible degradation of the insulation.
Smaller Diameter: The cable’s outer diameter is ~6.5mm, compared to ~8mm for sheathed alternatives. This allows it to fit in standard 16mm PVC conduits (the most common size for residential wiring), reducing the need for larger, more expensive conduits.
Lower Cost: Eliminating the sheath reduces material costs by ~15%, making the cable more affordable for large-scale home rewiring projects.
Easier Termination: Without a sheath, electricians can quickly strip the insulation to expose the conductor, saving time during installation.
Copper Wire Rods: Inspected for purity (via optical emission spectroscopy, OES) and mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation). Only rods with 99.95% purity and tensile strength ≥200MPa are approved.
PVC Compound: Tested for flame retardancy (vertical flame test), flexibility (low-temperature bend test at -15°C), and electrical insulation resistance. Samples of the compound are extruded into thin films and tested to ensure they meet IEC 60811 standards.
Copper Rod Drawing: The 9.5mm copper rods are drawn into 2.26mm strands using a wire drawing machine with diamond dies. The drawing process reduces the rod diameter while increasing tensile strength (from 200MPa to 250MPa).
PVC Compound Mixing: The PVC resin, plasticizers, flame retardants, and stabilizers are mixed in a high-speed mixer (temperature 100–120°C) for 10–15 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of additives. The mixed compound is then cooled to 40–50°C and cut into small pellets for extrusion.
Stranding Setup: 7 strands are loaded onto separate spools, which feed into the machine at a controlled speed (10–15m/min). The machine’s twisting head rotates the strands around a central axis, forming a helical structure.
Pitch Control: The stranding pitch (distance between twists) is set to 12× the conductor diameter (≈27mm) to balance flexibility and rigidity. A laser sensor monitors the pitch in real time, adjusting the machine speed if deviations occur.
Quality Check: After stranding, the conductor is inspected for:
Cross-sectional area (measured using a micrometer to ensure it is 4mm² ±10%).
Uniformity (no loose strands or gaps between twists).
Resistance (tested with a micro-ohmmeter to ensure it is ≤0.00488Ω/m at 20°C).
Extruder Setup: The extruder (screw diameter 65mm) is heated to a temperature profile of 160°C (feed zone) → 170°C (compression zone) → 180°C (die zone). This ensures the PVC compound melts fully without degradation.
Insulation Application: The conductor is fed into the extruder’s cross-head die (custom-sized to produce a 0.9mm insulation layer). The molten PVC is forced through the die, forming a uniform layer around the conductor.
Cooling and Sizing: The Insulated Conductor is pulled through a water bath (temperature 20–30°C) to solidify the PVC. A vacuum sizing tank ensures the insulation thickness is uniform (0.9mm ±0.1mm) and the cable’s outer diameter is ~6.5mm.
Inspection: The insulated cable is inspected for:
Insulation thickness (measured at 12 points around the conductor using a laser gauge).
Surface quality (no scratches, bubbles, or discoloration).
Electrical insulation (tested with a 5kV spark tester—no breakdown indicates good insulation).
Electrical Tests:
Insulation Resistance: A 500V megohmmeter measures the resistance between the conductor and a ground electrode. The resistance must be ≥100MΩ·km to pass.
Withstand Voltage: The cable is submerged in a saltwater bath (3.5% NaCl) and subjected to 3kV AC for 5 minutes. No current leakage (≤10μA) is allowed.
Mechanical Tests:
Bend Test: The cable is bent around a mandrel (diameter 26mm, 4× the cable’s outer diameter) 10 times in each direction. No cracks in the insulation are allowed.
Tensile Test: A 1m length of cable is pulled with a force of 1kN (per IEC 60227) to ensure the insulation does not separate from the conductor.
Flame Retardancy Test: A 1m length of cable is subjected to the IEC 60332-1 vertical flame test. It must self-extinguish within 30 seconds of removing the ignition source.
Application Scenarios:
LED Downlights: A typical home may have 20+ LED downlights (10W each) in the living room, kitchen, and bedrooms. The 4mm² cable can power all these lights simultaneously (total power: 200W, current: ~0.9A) with minimal voltage drop, ensuring consistent brightness.
Chandeliers and Pendant Lights: High-wattage chandeliers (e.g., 500W crystal chandeliers) draw ~2.3A at 220V—well below the cable’s 28A rating in wall cavities. The cable’s flexibility allows it to be routed through ceiling joists and narrow fixture mounts without kinking.
Outdoor Lighting (Covered Areas): For covered patios or porch lights (e.g., 100W LED floodlights), the cable’s PVC insulation resists moisture and mild weather, making it suitable for semi-outdoor use (note: it is not waterproof and should not be exposed to direct rain).
Installation Tips:
Use 16mm PVC conduits to route the cable through walls and ceilings—this protects the insulation from damage by wall studs or nails.
When connecting to light switches or fixtures, strip 10–15mm of insulation from the conductor and use copper crimp terminals (size 4mm²) to ensure a secure connection.
Avoid bending the cable beyond its minimum bending radius (26mm) to prevent insulation cracking.
Compatibility: Works with standard household lighting components, including:
10A/16A light switches (common in homes).
LED drivers (for low-voltage LED lights).
Ceiling rose boxes (for pendant light mounting).
Application Scenarios:
Kitchen Outlets: Kitchens have high power demands, with devices like coffee makers (1200W), toasters (1000W), and blenders (600W) drawing a total of ~12.7A at 220V. The cable’s 32A rating in enclosed conduits easily handles this load, even with all devices in use.
Living Room Outlets: Powering televisions (200W), sound systems (100W), and phone chargers (50W) totals ~1.6A—well within the cable’s capacity. The cable’s small diameter allows it to be routed under carpets or through floor ducts for hidden installations.
Home Office Outlets: For home offices with computers (300W), printers (150W), and monitors (100W), the cable provides stable power (total current: ~2.5A) and minimizes voltage drop, preventing printer jams or computer crashes caused by power fluctuations.
Installation Tips:
Wire outlets in a “daisy chain” configuration (one outlet connected to the next) using the 4mm² cable—this reduces the number of cables needed and simplifies installation.
Install residual current devices (RCDs) with a rating of 30mA on outlet circuits—this provides additional protection against electric shock, a critical safety feature for areas with water (e.g., kitchens).
Label outlet circuits (e.g., “Kitchen Outlets,” “Living Room Outlets”) at the breaker box to simplify troubleshooting.
Compatibility: Compatible with:
16A/25A power outlets (standard in most homes).
RCDs and circuit breakers (10A/16A for outlet circuits).
Extension Cords (use 4mm² extension cords to match the cable’s capacity).
Application Scenarios:
Electric Water Heaters (Small): 10L electric water heaters (2000W) draw ~9.1A at 220V—ideal for the cable’s dedicated circuit use. The cable’s thermal resistance ensures it does not overheat, even with the heater running 24/7.
Washing Machines: Front-loading washing machines (1500W) draw ~6.8A, and the cable’s durability withstands the vibration from the machine without conductor breakage.
Air Conditioners (Small): 1.5-ton window air conditioners (1800W) draw ~8.2A—well within the cable’s capacity. The cable’s PVC insulation resists the heat generated by the AC unit’s compressor.
Installation Tips:
Run dedicated cables from the breaker box to the appliance—do not share the circuit with other devices.
Use heat-Resistant Cable ties (rated for 100°C) to secure the cable near the appliance’s compressor or heating element, preventing the cable from touching hot surfaces.
For washing machines, leave 500mm of slack in the cable to accommodate the machine’s movement during spin cycles.
Compatibility: Works with:
16A/20A dedicated circuit breakers.
Appliance power cords (use 4mm² cords to match the cable’s capacity).
Terminal blocks (for connecting the cable to the appliance’s Internal Wiring).
Renovation Projects:
When rewiring older homes (which may have outdated 2.5mm² cables), upgrading to 4mm² cables future-proofs the electrical system for high-wattage appliances (e.g., electric vehicles, smart home devices).
The cable’s flexibility allows it to be routed through existing wall cavities without breaking, reducing the need for extensive wall demolition.
New Construction:
Builders often use the 4mm² cable as the “standard” for lighting and outlet circuits, reducing inventory costs (one cable size for multiple applications).
The cable’s compatibility with standard electrical components (conduits, outlets, switches) simplifies the construction process and speeds up installation.
Cost-Benefit Analysis:
While 4mm² cables are slightly more expensive than 2.5mm² cables (~20% higher cost per meter), they eliminate the need for future upgrades—saving homeowners \(500–\)1000 in rewiring costs over the home’s lifetime.
For new construction, using 4mm² cables increases the home’s resale value, as buyers prioritize modern, safe electrical systems.
Cardboard Reels:
Material: Heavy-duty corrugated cardboard (thickness 10mm) with a bursting strength of ≥2500kPa. The reels are reinforced with steel rims (diameter 300mm–500mm) to prevent bending during transportation.
Capacity: 100m or 200m of 4mm² cable per reel. A 100m reel weighs ~8kg (cable weight: 7.2kg, reel weight: 0.8kg), making it easy for one person to carry.
Protection: The cable is wrapped in a layer of transparent polyethylene (PE) film (0.05mm thickness) to prevent dust and moisture ingress. A paper label on the reel includes product details (450/750V BVR 4mm), length, batch number, and production date.
Plastic Reels:
Material: High-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic (thickness 5mm) that is waterproof and impact-resistant. Ideal for outdoor storage or humid environments (e.g., construction sites).
Capacity: 500m of 4mm² cable per reel. The reel has a built-in handle for easy carrying and a locking mechanism to prevent the cable from unwinding during transport.
Protection: The cable is wrapped in PE film, and the reel is sealed with a plastic cap to protect the cable ends from damage.
Bag Material: Thick polyethylene (PE) bags (thickness 0.1mm) with a zip-lock closure to keep the cable dry. The bags are printed with product details and safety warnings (e.g., “Keep away from children,” “Do not expose to open flames”).
Interior Protection: The cable is coiled into a compact circle (diameter 200mm–300mm) and secured with a paper band to prevent tangling. A small silica gel packet (5g) is added to absorb residual moisture.
Labeling: A sticker on the bag includes the length (e.g., 10m), product specifications, and a QR code linking to the manufacturer’s installation guide.
Indoor Storage: Store reels or bags in a dry, well-ventilated area with a temperature range of -10°C to 40°C. Avoid storing near heat sources (e.g., radiators, space heaters) or chemicals (e.g., paint thinner, gasoline) that could damage the PVC insulation.
Reel Storage: Place cardboard reels on a flat surface (e.g., a shelf) to prevent crushing. Do not stack more than 3 cardboard reels; plastic reels can be stacked up to 5 high.
Unused Cable: If a reel is partially used, rewind the remaining cable tightly and secure it with tape. For zip-lock bags, squeeze out excess air before sealing to prevent moisture buildup.
Shelf Life: When stored correctly, the cable has a shelf life of 5 years from the production date. After 5 years, inspect the insulation for cracks or discoloration before use—if damage is found, discard the cable.
Courier Services (Small Orders): Small-length cables (10m–50m) are shipped via courier services (e.g., DHL, FedEx, local postal services). The packaged cable is placed in a cardboard box with bubble wrap for additional protection. Transit time is 1–3 working days for urban areas and 3–5 working days for rural areas.
Truck Delivery (Bulk Orders): Bulk reels (100m–500m) are shipped via small trucks with flatbeds. The reels are secured with steel straps to the truck bed to prevent movement during transit. The manufacturer coordinates with the customer to schedule delivery at a convenient time (e.g., weekends for DIY projects). Transit time is 1–2 working days for nearby cities and 3–7 working days for long-distance deliveries.
Air Freight (Small Orders): Small-length cables are shipped in air cargo containers. The total weight per shipment is limited to 30kg (equivalent to 4 reels of 100m cable). Transit time is 3–7 working days, depending on the destination. The manufacturer handles customs documentation, including commercial invoices and certificates of compliance (e.g., CE marking for the EU).
Sea Freight (Bulk Orders): Bulk orders (≥10 reels) are shipped in 20ft shipping containers. The reels are stacked on pallets and secured with shrink wrap to prevent damage. Transit time is 15–45 working days (e.g., China to Europe: 25–35 days; China to Australia: 15–20 days). The manufacturer provides a tracking number so the customer can monitor the shipment’s progress.
Shock Absorption: Bulk reels are wrapped in bubble wrap or foam padding to protect against impacts.
Moisture Protection: All shipments include a moisture-absorbing blanket to prevent condensation, especially for sea freight.
Handling Instructions: Packages are labeled with “Fragile” and “This Side Up” stickers to alert logistics providers to handle the cable carefully.
Coverage: Insurance covers damage or loss caused by accidents (e.g., truck collisions, plane crashes), natural disasters (e.g., floods, hurricanes), or theft.
Cost: Insurance costs 0.5% of the total order value (e.g., \(5 for a \)1000 order).
Claim Process: If the cable is damaged or lost, the customer must notify the manufacturer within 48 hours of delivery (or within 7 days for lost shipments). Provide photos of the damage (for damaged orders) or a copy of the delivery receipt (for lost orders). The manufacturer will process the claim within 5 working days and arrange for a replacement or refund.
Order Confirmation: The manufacturer sends a confirmation email within 24 hours, including the order details (quantity, length, total cost), payment status, and estimated delivery date.
Production (If Needed): For custom orders (e.g., special colors, longer lengths), production takes 3–5 working days. Standard orders are shipped from inventory within 1 working day.
Shipping Notification: When the order is shipped, the manufacturer sends an email with the tracking number, logistics provider details, and expected delivery date.
Delivery Reminder: A reminder email is sent 1 day before delivery, including the driver’s contact information (for bulk orders) or a delivery window (for courier services).
Quantity Check: Verify that the number of reels or bags matches the order confirmation. For example, if you ordered 5 reels of 100m cable, count the reels to ensure all 5 are present.
Package Inspection: Check for damage to the packaging (e.g., torn bags, crushed reels). If the packaging is damaged, open it immediately to inspect the cable.
Cable Inspection:
For reels: Unwind a small section (1m) to check the insulation for cracks, scratches, or discoloration. Ensure the conductor is visible and not corroded.
For small lengths: Uncoil the cable and check the insulation and conductor as above.
Documentation Check: Ensure all required documents are included (e.g., certificate of compliance, installation guide).
Length: Samples are available in 1m or 2m lengths—sufficient for testing electrical performance, flexibility, and compatibility with components.
Cost: Samples are free of charge; customers only pay for shipping (typically \(5–\)15 for domestic shipping, \(15–\)30 for international shipping).
Customization: Custom samples (e.g., different insulation colors) are available for a small fee (\(20–\)50) to cover production costs.
Submit a Request: Visit the manufacturer’s website and fill out the sample request form, including your name, address, contact information, desired length, and application (e.g., “kitchen outlets,” “lighting”).
Confirmation: The manufacturer will email a confirmation within 1 working day, including the shipping cost and payment link (if applicable).
Payment: Pay the shipping cost via credit card, PayPal, or bank transfer.
Shipping: The sample is shipped within 1–2 working days. A tracking number is provided via email.
Flexibility Test: Bend the sample around a 26mm diameter object (e.g., a thick marker pen) 10 times in each direction. The insulation should not crack or peel—this confirms the cable can be routed through tight spaces during installation.
Insulation Check: Use a sharp knife to gently scrape the insulation (do not cut into the conductor). The insulation should be firm but flexible, with no crumbling or discoloration—signs of high-quality PVC.
Conductor Visibility: Strip 10mm of insulation from one end to expose the copper conductor. The strands should be bright, clean, and free of corrosion or oxidation—indicating high-purity copper.
Compatibility Test: Connect the sample to a standard 4mm² copper terminal or 16A outlet. The conductor should fit securely in the terminal, with no loose strands—ensuring a safe, low-resistance connection.
24/7 Online Support: Access the manufacturer’s website for a knowledge base with articles, videos, and FAQs covering topics like:
“How to Strip 4mm² BVR Cable Without Damaging the Conductor”
“Calculating Current Load for Kitchen Outlet Circuits”
“Troubleshooting Common Cable Installation Issues (e.g., insulation cracking)”
A live chat feature connects you to a technical expert during business hours (9 AM–5 PM, local time) for real-time assistance.
Phone Support: Call the toll-free technical support hotline for urgent questions (e.g., “Is this cable suitable for my electric water heater?”). Support agents are trained electricians with experience in residential wiring, ensuring accurate, practical advice.
On-Site Support (Bulk Orders): For contractors or large-scale projects (e.g., new home construction with 500m+ of cable), the manufacturer offers on-site support:
A technical representative visits the job site to inspect installation progress and provide guidance on cable routing, termination, and load calculation.
Conducts on-site training for your team, covering best practices for handling the cable and complying with local electrical codes (e.g., NEC in the US, IEC in Europe).
On-site support is available for a nominal fee (\(100–\)200 per day) or free for orders over $10,000.
Insulation Failure: Cracks, peeling, or degradation of the PVC insulation that causes current leakage (tested via insulation resistance measurement).
Conductor Defects: Corrosion, strand breakage, or high resistance in the copper conductor that affects electrical performance.
Manufacturing Errors: Issues like uneven insulation thickness or loose conductor strands that arise from production mistakes.
Improper installation (e.g., bending beyond the minimum radius, using incorrect terminals).
Misuse (e.g., exposing the cable to direct rain, overloading the circuit beyond the cable’s current rating).
External factors (e.g., rodent bites, fire, flooding, or physical damage from construction tools).
Gather Documentation: Collect the original purchase receipt, order confirmation, and photos/videos of the defective cable (showing the issue and the cable’s batch number, printed on the insulation).
Submit a Claim: Fill out the online warranty claim form on the manufacturer’s website or email the documentation to the after-sales team. Include a detailed description of the issue, such as “Insulation cracked after 6 months of installation” or “Conductor has high resistance, causing voltage drops.”
Assessment: The manufacturer reviews the claim within 3–5 working days. In some cases, a sample of the defective cable may be requested for lab testing.
Resolution: If the claim is approved, the manufacturer offers one of the following solutions:
Replacement: A new cable of the same length and specifications is shipped to you, with all shipping costs covered.
Refund: A full or partial refund (based on the extent of the defect) is issued to your original payment method.
Repair: For minor issues (e.g., a small section of damaged insulation), a repair kit (including heat-shrink tubing and insulation tape) is provided, along with step-by-step repair instructions.
Regular Inspections:
Monthly Checks (Visible Areas): Inspect cables in accessible locations (e.g., outlet boxes, switch plates) for signs of damage:
Insulation: Look for cracks, discoloration, or melting (indicates overheating).
Connections: Ensure terminals are tight, with no loose strands or corrosion (loose connections cause heat buildup).
Annual Comprehensive Inspections: Hire a licensed electrician to inspect hidden cables (e.g., in walls, ceilings) using a thermal imaging camera. This detects overheating areas that may not be visible to the naked eye.
Load Management:
Do not overload circuits beyond the cable’s current rating. For example, a 4mm² cable in an enclosed conduit (32A rating) should not power devices totaling more than 7.04kW (220V × 32A).
Use a current clamp meter to measure the load on critical circuits (e.g., kitchen outlets) during peak usage (e.g., morning coffee preparation). If the load exceeds 80% of the cable’s rating, split the circuit into two separate cables to prevent overheating.
Environmental Protection:
Humid Areas (Bathrooms, Kitchens): Ensure cables are installed in sealed conduits to prevent moisture ingress. Use waterproof outlet boxes and apply silicone sealant around cable entry points.
Outdoor Covered Areas (Patios): Inspect the cable every 3 months for signs of moisture damage or UV degradation. If the insulation becomes brittle, replace the affected section immediately.
Damage Repair:
For small insulation tears (≤5mm), use 4mm² heat-shrink tubing (rated for 105°C) to seal the damage. Clean the area with alcohol first, then apply the heat-shrink tubing using a heat gun (avoid overheating the conductor).
For larger damage (e.g., conductor exposure), cut out the damaged section and splice the cable using a 4mm² copper junction box. Ensure the splice is wrapped with electrical tape and enclosed in a waterproof box if installed in a humid area.
Hongtai Cable Technology Co., Ltd
Электронная почта: export@qlcables.com
sales@qlcables.com
Тел/WhatsApp:+86-18032066271
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